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Diffstat (limited to '2024/01')
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/08/OCaml-News-2024-1/index.html | 19 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/18/OCaml-News-2024-2/index.html | 40 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/22/Rescript-React-Native/index.html | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/23/G-Machine/index.html | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/23/二〇二四年一月二十三日/index.html | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/23/慢性肺源性心脏病/index.html | 50 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 2024/01/25/急诊与灾难医学-烧伤/index.html | 42 |
7 files changed, 106 insertions, 59 deletions
diff --git a/2024/01/08/OCaml-News-2024-1/index.html b/2024/01/08/OCaml-News-2024-1/index.html index 7dda21b9..6f9d1b9a 100644 --- a/2024/01/08/OCaml-News-2024-1/index.html +++ b/2024/01/08/OCaml-News-2024-1/index.html @@ -192,7 +192,8 @@ </div> </div> <div class="post-content"> - <h2 id="News"><a href="#News" class="headerlink" title="News"></a>News</h2><ul> + <h2 id="News"><a class="header-anchor" href="#News">¶</a>News</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://tarides.com/blog/2023-12-20-ocaml-survey-developers-perception-interest-and-perceived-barriers/">OCaml Survey: Developers’ Perception, Interest, and Perceived Barriers</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://tarides.com/blog/2023-12-29-announcing-the-orchide-project-powering-satellite-innovation/">Announcing the ORCHIDE Project: Powering Satellite Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/12885">Dynarrays, unboxed (with local dummies) #12885</a></li> @@ -203,13 +204,15 @@ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/1802">Make the character set for OCaml source code officially UTF-8. #1802</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/12719">Add thread local storage #12719</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Videos"><a href="#Videos" class="headerlink" title="Videos"></a>Videos</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Videos"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Videos">¶</a>Videos</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zG7JejHlQoM">“Melange: The next frontier in type-safe web development” by Dillon Mulroy - RVAJS 2023</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-XJzUrP7bQ">Trying out OCaml TUI framework Mint Tea!</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyDbG9FGR1o">A TUI chat in OCaml 🐫</a></li> <li>[Building a Game Engine… with OCaml ?! [Part 1]](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XpUaTnssQE">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XpUaTnssQE</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Blogs"><a href="#Blogs" class="headerlink" title="Blogs"></a>Blogs</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Blogs"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Blogs">¶</a>Blogs</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://sancho.dev/blog/whats-possible-with-melange">What’s possible with Melange</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/access-inferred-types/13805">Access inferred types</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/using-menhir-to-parse-into-idiomatic-js-typescript-structures/13809">Using Menhir to parse into idiomatic JS (TypeScript) structures</a></li> @@ -219,7 +222,8 @@ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-express-koka-home-page-example/13748">How to express Koka home page example?</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://practicalocaml.com/parsing-with-binary-string-pattern-matching/">Parsing with Binary String Pattern Matching</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Highlighted-Projects"><a href="#Highlighted-Projects" class="headerlink" title="Highlighted Projects"></a>Highlighted Projects</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Highlighted-Projects"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Highlighted-Projects">¶</a>Highlighted Projects</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/backtracking/grid">grid: A tiny library for two-dimensional arrays</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/leostera/minttea">A fun little TUI framework for OCaml</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/terrateamio/ocaml-ts-mode">ocaml-ts-mode: Ocaml mode for emacs using treesitter</a></li> @@ -232,11 +236,12 @@ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/leostera/colors">colors: A pure OCaml library for manipulating colors in different color spaces.</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/nationalarchives/miiify">miilfy: A web annotation server built with the same principles as Git</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="New-Releases"><a href="#New-Releases" class="headerlink" title="New Releases"></a>New Releases</h2><ul> +<h2 id="New-Releases"><a class="header-anchor" href="#New-Releases">¶</a>New Releases</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/leostera/riot">Roit v0.0.7: An actor-model multi-core scheduler for OCaml 5 🐫</a></li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/leostera/castore">CAStore: A portable pure OCaml CA Store, with no dependencies, inspired by Elixir’s <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/elixir-mint/castore">:castore</a>.</a></li> +<li>[CAStore: A portable pure OCaml CA Store, with no dependencies, inspired by Elixir’s <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/elixir-mint/castore">:castore</a>.](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/leostera/castore">https://github.com/leostera/castore</a>)</li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/learn-ocaml-1-0-approaching-call-for-testers/13621">Lean-OCaml 1.0: A Web Application for Learning OCaml</a></li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/cmarkit">cmarkit 0.3.0” CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml</a></li> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/cmarkit">cmarkit 0.3.0" CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://ocaml.org/p/dream-html/latest">dream-html 2.0.0: A library for generating HTML</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://git.frama-c.com/pub/caisar/">Caisar: A platform under active development at CEA LIST, aiming to provide a wide range of features to characterize the safety and robustness of artificial intelligence based software.</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/jserot/rfsm">RFSM 2.0: A toolset for describing and simulating StateChart-like state diagrams.</a></li> diff --git a/2024/01/18/OCaml-News-2024-2/index.html b/2024/01/18/OCaml-News-2024-2/index.html index c93ecc1d..aeabc58f 100644 --- a/2024/01/18/OCaml-News-2024-2/index.html +++ b/2024/01/18/OCaml-News-2024-2/index.html @@ -192,16 +192,18 @@ </div> </div> <div class="post-content"> - <h2 id="News"><a href="#News" class="headerlink" title="News"></a>News</h2><ul> + <h2 id="News"><a class="header-anchor" href="#News">¶</a>News</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-preview-play-with-project-wide-occurrences-for-ocaml/13814">[ANN][PREVIEW] Play with project-wide occurrences for OCaml!</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ocaml/dune/pull/8784">[Dune]: Add link flags ocamlmklib when using ctypes stubs. #8784</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-software-foundation-january-2024-update/13828">OCaml Software Foundation: January 2024 update</a></li> <li>[Apprendre à programmer avec OCaml](Apprendre à programmer avec OCaml)</li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speakers-for-the-2024-carolina-code-conference-is-open-until-april-15th/13827"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speakers-for-the-2024-carolina-code-conference-is-open-until-april-15th/13827">Call for Speakers for the 2024 Carolina Code Conference is open until April 15th</a></a></li> +<li>[<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speakers-for-the-2024-carolina-code-conference-is-open-until-april-15th/13827">Call for Speakers for the 2024 Carolina Code Conference is open until April 15th</a>](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speakers-for-the-2024-carolina-code-conference-is-open-until-april-15th/13827">https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speakers-for-the-2024-carolina-code-conference-is-open-until-april-15th/13827</a>)</li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/discussions/11924">[OCaml]: feature request: better errors #11924</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocsigen-summary-of-recent-releases/13817">Ocsigen: summary of recent releases</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Discussion"><a href="#Discussion" class="headerlink" title="Discussion"></a>Discussion</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Discussion"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Discussion">¶</a>Discussion</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/benchmark-between-open-addressing-and-closed-addressing-hashtbl/13882">Benchmark between open-addressing and closed-addressing hashtbl</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/examples-of-caqti-infix/13878">Examples of Caqti infix?</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/why-can-t-i-create-a-project-with-non-ascii-characters/13865">Why can’t I create a project with non-ASCII characters? </a></li> @@ -211,20 +213,23 @@ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/partially-apply-function-accepting-multiple-modules-and-keep-polymorphic-types/13823">Partially apply function accepting multiple modules and keep polymorphic types</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/printing-unicode-characters-on-different-platforms/13813">Printing Unicode Characters on Different Platforms</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Videos"><a href="#Videos" class="headerlink" title="Videos"></a>Videos</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Videos"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Videos">¶</a>Videos</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://watch.ocaml.org/w/iQNqZzA8gVmd4RQaycAwx4">Verifying an Effect-Based Cooperative Concurrency Scheduler in Iris by Adrian Dapprich</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Blogs"><a href="#Blogs" class="headerlink" title="Blogs"></a>Blogs</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Blogs"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Blogs">¶</a>Blogs</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/advice-for-combining-multiple-monads/10409">Advice for combining multiple monads</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/writing-ctypes-bindings-to-system-shared-libraries-for-bytecode-targets-via-the-dune-ctypes-stanza/13844">Writing ctypes bindings to system shared libraries for bytecode targets via the dune ctypes stanza</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="Highlighted-Projects"><a href="#Highlighted-Projects" class="headerlink" title="Highlighted Projects"></a>Highlighted Projects</h2><ul> +<h2 id="Highlighted-Projects"><a class="header-anchor" href="#Highlighted-Projects">¶</a>Highlighted Projects</h2> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/johnyob/grace">Grace: A fancy diagnostics library that allows your compilers to exit with grace</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/thierry-martinez/metapp">meta-pp: Meta-preprocessor for OCaml</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/stedolan/ppx_stage">ppx_stage: Staged metaprogramming in stock OCaml</a></li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/cmarkit">Cmarkit is an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org/">OCaml</a> libary for parsing the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://spec.commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a> specification.</a></li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/brr">Brr is a toolkit for programming browsers in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org/">OCaml</a> with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocsigen.org/js_of_ocaml/">js_of_ocaml</a> compiler. It provides:</a></li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/zipc">Zipc is an in-memory <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://pkware.cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT">ZIP</a> archive and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1951">deflate</a> compression codec for <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org/">OCaml</a>.</a></li> +<li>[Cmarkit is an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org">OCaml</a> libary for parsing the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://spec.commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a> specification.](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/cmarkit">https://erratique.ch/software/cmarkit</a>)</li> +<li>[Brr is a toolkit for programming browsers in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org">OCaml</a> with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocsigen.org/js_of_ocaml/">js_of_ocaml</a> compiler. It provides:](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/brr">https://erratique.ch/software/brr</a>)</li> +<li>[Zipc is an in-memory <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://pkware.cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT">ZIP</a> archive and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1951">deflate</a> compression codec for <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://ocaml.org">OCaml</a>.](<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erratique.ch/software/zipc">https://erratique.ch/software/zipc</a>)</li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/lukstafi/ocaml-gccjit">ocaml-gccjit: OCaml bindings for libgccjit</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/whitequark/ocaml-m17n">ocaml-m17n: Multilingualization for the OCaml source code</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/hackwaly/ocamlearlybird">ocamlearlybird: OCaml debug adapter</a></li> @@ -232,21 +237,26 @@ <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/mattjbray/ocaml-decoders">ocaml-decoders: Elm-inspired decoders for Ocaml</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/OCamlPro/ez_toml">ez_toml: A library to parse and print TOML files</a></li> </ul> -<h2 id="New-Releases"><a href="#New-Releases" class="headerlink" title="New Releases"></a>New Releases</h2><ul> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpottier/oma/doc/oma/Oma/index.html">Oma: OCaml implementation of ‘Two Simplified Algorithms for Maintaining Order in a List’</a><ul> +<h2 id="New-Releases"><a class="header-anchor" href="#New-Releases">¶</a>New Releases</h2> +<ul> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpottier/oma/doc/oma/Oma/index.html">Oma: OCaml implementation of ‘Two Simplified Algorithms for Maintaining Order in a List’</a> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-oma/13845">[ANN] First release of oma</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://erikdemaine.org/papers/DietzSleator_ESA2002/paper.pdf">Two Simplified Algorithms for Maintaining Order in a List</a></li> </ul> </li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/hackwaly/ocamlearlybird">ocamlearlybird: v1.3.0</a><ul> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlearlybird-just-got-ability-to-inspect-opaque-abstract-values/13852">[ANN] Ocamlearlybird just got ability to inspect opaque/abstract values</a></li> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/hackwaly/ocamlearlybird">ocamlearlybird: v1.3.0</a> +<ul> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlearlybird-just-got-ability-to-inspect-opaque-abstract-values/13852">[ANN] Ocamlearlybird just got ability to inspect opaque/abstract values</a></li> </ul> </li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Axot017/validate">validate: OCaml Data Validation library</a><ul> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Axot017/validate">validate: OCaml Data Validation library</a> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-validate-a-new-library-for-data-validation/13861">[ANN] Validate - A New Library for Data Validation</a></li> </ul> </li> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/gborough/sarif">sarif v2.1.0: Static Analysis Results Interchange Format (SARIF) For OCaml</a><ul> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/gborough/sarif">sarif v2.1.0: Static Analysis Results Interchange Format (SARIF) For OCaml</a> +<ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sarif-0-1-0-static-analysis-results-interchange-format-sarif-for-ocaml/13821">[ANN] sarif 0.1.0 - Static Analysis Results Interchange Format (SARIF) For OCaml</a></li> </ul> </li> diff --git a/2024/01/22/Rescript-React-Native/index.html b/2024/01/22/Rescript-React-Native/index.html index 9fb50113..7e0b1d15 100644 --- a/2024/01/22/Rescript-React-Native/index.html +++ b/2024/01/22/Rescript-React-Native/index.html @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ <div class="post-content"> <p>Rescript 对 React Native 的支持还算可以，但如今的 RN 已经是 Expo 的 RN 了，所以仍然有些落后，在这个 template 中，我测试了 rescript + rescript-react-native + expo + nativewind 的组合，可以跑起来：</p> <ul> -<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/muqiuhan/rescript-react-native-expo-nativewind-template">muqiuhan/rescript-react-native-expo-nativewind-template</a></li> +<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/muqiuhan/rescript-react-native-expo-nativewind-template">muqiuhan/rescript-react-native-expo-nativewind-template</a></li> </ul> <p>其中有两个问题，一是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/rescript-bindings/expo">rescript-expo</a> 对 rescript v11 的兼容性，我通过简单的注释让其通过编译:</p> <ul> @@ -202,13 +202,10 @@ </ul> <p>二是对于 nativewind 的支持，编写的 binding 非常丑陋：</p> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type default_style = {</span><br><span class="line"> className?: string,</span><br><span class="line"> children?: React.element,</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">@module("nativewind")</span><br><span class="line">external styled: React.component<'a> => React.component<default_style> = "styled"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">module StyledText = {</span><br><span class="line"> let make = styled(ReactNative.Text.make)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">module StyledView = {</span><br><span class="line"> let make = styled(ReactNative.View.make)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">module StyledImage = {</span><br><span class="line"> type props = {</span><br><span class="line"> source?: string,</span><br><span class="line"> ...default_style,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> @module("nativewind")</span><br><span class="line"> external styled: React.component<'a> => React.component<props> = "styled"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> let make: React.component<props> = styled(ReactNative.Image.make)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure> - <p>而这似乎并没有好的解决方案，理想中的实现应该是：</p> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">module Styled = (Component: {</span><br><span class="line"> type params // or type params = 'a</span><br><span class="line"> let make: React.component<props></span><br><span class="line">}) => {</span><br><span class="line"> type props = {</span><br><span class="line"> ...Component.props, // This can't work as it is not defined as record</span><br><span class="line"> className?: string</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> @module("nativewind")</span><br><span class="line"> external styled: React.component<Component.props> => React.component<props> = "styled"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> let make: React.component<props> = styled(Component.make)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure> - <p>或者退一步:</p> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">type styledProps = {</span><br><span class="line"> className?: string,</span><br><span class="line"> // ...</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">@module("nativewind")</span><br><span class="line"> external styled: React.component<'a> => React.component<'b> = "styled"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">module StyledText = {</span><br><span class="line"> type props = {</span><br><span class="line"> ...ReactNative.Text.props,</span><br><span class="line"> ...styledProps</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> let make: React.component<props> = styled(ReactNative.Text.make)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure> - <p>但这在当前的 rescript 中，根本无法实现。</p> <p>详细的讨论看这个帖子：</p> <ul> diff --git a/2024/01/23/G-Machine/index.html b/2024/01/23/G-Machine/index.html index d79bbc9c..03cfbc41 100644 --- a/2024/01/23/G-Machine/index.html +++ b/2024/01/23/G-Machine/index.html @@ -195,12 +195,12 @@ <ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-15975-4_50">The G-machine: A fast, graph-reduction evaluator</a></li> </ul> -<p>G-Machine 是一种通过图规约来对函数式语言程序求值的抽象架构。<br>与组合子规约不同，组合子规约的control是从表达式图本身动态导出的，而G-Machine是由通过编译Application表达式导出的指令序列指定的。</p> +<p>G-Machine 是一种通过图规约来对函数式语言程序求值的抽象架构。<br> +与组合子规约不同，组合子规约的control是从表达式图本身动态导出的，而G-Machine是由通过编译Application表达式导出的指令序列指定的。</p> <hr> <p>FP的程序基本上都可以用一个表达式的图表示，图计算机就是对这个图求值的机器，总的说来对图的求值是一个不停合并图上的节点生产新节点的过程。</p> <p>例如：</p> <figure class="highlight ocaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> x = <span class="number">2</span> + <span class="number">3</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> </span><br><span class="line"> x * x</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure> - <p>先计算出5，然后创建一个新的节点 <code>5 * 5</code>，然后再对这个节点求值，于是求值过程中就产生了很多临时的节点，这些中间节点也被叫做是 spine，求值过程是沿着 spine 进行的。</p> <p>但是这样就产生了很多额外的开销，lambda lifting 里提到：可以把程序里，很多捕捉了外围绑定的闭包函数中的这些绑定，转换成函数的参数，从而消除闭包，得到的这个函数就可以自由脱离作用域，被静态的编译到机器码里。这些被 float out 的函数也叫 supercombinator.</p> <p>在上面的代码中，如果不创建新的节点，顺序计算完了第一个 <code>x</code>，第二个 <code>x</code> 还会再被算一遍。</p> diff --git a/2024/01/23/二〇二四年一月二十三日/index.html b/2024/01/23/二〇二四年一月二十三日/index.html index 6870afd5..a5326ed3 100644 --- a/2024/01/23/二〇二四年一月二十三日/index.html +++ b/2024/01/23/二〇二四年一月二十三日/index.html @@ -186,12 +186,13 @@ <div class="post-content"> <p>有人在桥上并肩走过，孩子们举着风车大笑着跑开，热乎乎的米糕新鲜出炉，香气混着夜风传去老远。</p> <p>桥上是喧闹繁杂的尘世万千，桥下是静谧安宁的人间留恋。</p> -<p>我有时候会无法控制的想，如果这一切都是梦，一觉醒来又回到了那暗无天日的日子……但转瞬即否定这个答案———那我会重新走到今天。</p> +<p>我有时候会无法控制的想，如果这一切都是梦，一觉醒来又回到了那暗无天日的日子…但转瞬即否定这个答案———那我会重新走到今天。</p> <p>寒风拂过我的侧脸，把碎发拂去耳后。</p> <p>如果你也只剩活着了。</p> <p>就像一条小鱼，在这一方小世界中摆尾流浪，海波荡漾了许多年，也飘出去那么远。</p> <p>这么些年的煎熬时光或许将你沉寂，或许掀起了惊涛骇浪，吞噬你的理智与晴空，令你彻底疯狂。</p> -<p>直到海浪卷起鱼群，波及到每一个地方，<br>直到风平浪静，晴空如洗。</p> +<p>直到海浪卷起鱼群，波及到每一个地方，<br> +直到风平浪静，晴空如洗。</p> <hr> <p>但几个小时之后，天际黎明乍现的那一瞬，会有一只无形的大手，将最后一层青灰色的夜幕轻轻抹去。</p> <p>晨光会从海平线迤逦而来，洒向鳞次栉比的高楼和错综复杂的街道。码头，树木，楼房，电线杆。</p> diff --git a/2024/01/23/慢性肺源性心脏病/index.html b/2024/01/23/慢性肺源性心脏病/index.html index 192e45ce..2abdcd00 100644 --- a/2024/01/23/慢性肺源性心脏病/index.html +++ b/2024/01/23/慢性肺源性心脏病/index.html @@ -192,21 +192,27 @@ </div> </div> <div class="post-content"> - <p>肺源性心脏病(cor pulmonale)简称肺心病, 指由于支气管-肺组织, 胸廓或肺血管病变引起肺血管阻力增加, 产生肺动脉高压,继而右心室结构和/或功能改变的疾病.<br>根据起病缓急和病程长短, 可分为急性肺心病和慢性肺心病两类, 急性肺心病常见于急性大面积肺栓塞,这里主要讲慢性肺心病.</p> + <p>肺源性心脏病(cor pulmonale)简称肺心病, 指由于支气管-肺组织, 胸廓或肺血管病变引起肺血管阻力增加, 产生肺动脉高压,继而右心室结构和/或功能改变的疾病.<br> +根据起病缓急和病程长短, 可分为急性肺心病和慢性肺心病两类, 急性肺心病常见于急性大面积肺栓塞,这里主要讲慢性肺心病.</p> <p>慢性肺心病是常见的呼吸系统疾病.患病率存在地区差异, 北方地区高于南方地区,农村高于城市.患病率随年龄增高而增加, 吸烟者比不吸烟者患病率明显增多, 男女无明显差异.</p> <p>冬春季节和气候骤变时, 易出现急性发作.</p> -<h2 id="病因与发病机制"><a href="#病因与发病机制" class="headerlink" title="病因与发病机制"></a>病因与发病机制</h2><h3 id="病因"><a href="#病因" class="headerlink" title="病因"></a>病因</h3><ol> +<h2 id="病因与发病机制"><a class="header-anchor" href="#病因与发病机制">¶</a>病因与发病机制</h2> +<h3 id="病因"><a class="header-anchor" href="#病因">¶</a>病因</h3> +<ol> <li>支气管, 肺疾病: 最多见为COPD, 占80%~90%, 其次为哮喘, 支气管扩张症, 肺结核, 间质性肺疾病等.</li> <li>胸廓运动障碍性疾病: 较少见, 严重胸廓或脊椎畸形以及神经肌肉疾患均可引起胸廓活动受限, 肺受压, 支气管扭曲或变形, 气道引流不畅,肺部反复感染,并发肺气肿或纤维化,最终引起慢性肺心病.</li> <li>肺血管疾病: 特发性或慢性栓塞性肺动脉高压, 肺小动脉炎均可起肺血管阻力增加, 肺动脉压升高和右心室负荷加重,发展为慢性肺心病.</li> <li>其他: 原发性肺泡通气不足及先天性口咽畸形, 睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征等均可产生低氧血症, 引起肺血管收缩, 导致肺动脉高压, 发展为慢性肺心病.</li> </ol> -<h3 id="发病机制"><a href="#发病机制" class="headerlink" title="发病机制"></a>发病机制</h3><blockquote> +<h3 id="发病机制"><a class="header-anchor" href="#发病机制">¶</a>发病机制</h3> +<blockquote> <p>肺动脉高压的形成: 不同疾病所致肺动脉高压的机制不完全一样, 这里记录低氧性肺动脉高压, 尤其COPD所致肺动脉高压的机制.</p> </blockquote> <ol> -<li>肺血管阻力增加的功能性因素: 肺血管收缩在低氧性肺动脉高压的发生中起着关键作用.缺氧, 高碳酸血症和呼吸性酸中毒导致肺血管收缩, 痉挛, 其中缺氧是肺动脉高压形成最重要的因素.缺氧时收缩血管的活性物质增多,使肺血管收缩, 血管阻力增加.缺氧使肺血管平滑肌细胞膜对 <code>Ca2+</code> 的通透性增加, 直接使肺血管平滑肌收缩.另外, 高碳酸血症时,『产生增多,使血管对缺氧的敏感<br>性增强, 致肺动脉压增高.</li> -<li>肺血管阻力增加的解剖学因素: 解剖学因素系指肺血管解剖结构的变化, 形成肺循环血流动力学障碍.主要原因有:<ol> +<li>肺血管阻力增加的功能性因素: 肺血管收缩在低氧性肺动脉高压的发生中起着关键作用.缺氧, 高碳酸血症和呼吸性酸中毒导致肺血管收缩, 痉挛, 其中缺氧是肺动脉高压形成最重要的因素.缺氧时收缩血管的活性物质增多,使肺血管收缩, 血管阻力增加.缺氧使肺血管平滑肌细胞膜对 <code>Ca2+</code> 的通透性增加, 直接使肺血管平滑肌收缩.另外, 高碳酸血症时,『产生增多,使血管对缺氧的敏感<br> +性增强, 致肺动脉压增高.</li> +<li>肺血管阻力增加的解剖学因素: 解剖学因素系指肺血管解剖结构的变化, 形成肺循环血流动力学障碍.主要原因有: +<ol> <li>长期反复发作的COPD及支气管周围炎,可累及邻近肺小动脉, 引起血管炎, 使肺血管阻力增加, 产生肺动脉高压.</li> <li>肺气肿导致肺泡内压增高, 压迫肺泡毛细血管, 造成管腔狭窄或闭塞.肺泡壁破裂造成毛细血管网的毁损, 当肺泡毛细血管床减损超过70%时肺循环阻力增大.</li> <li>肺血管重构:慢性缺氧使肺血管收缩, 管壁张力增高.缺氧时肺内产生多种生长因子,可直接刺激管壁平滑肌细胞, 内膜弹力纤维及胶原纤维增生.</li> @@ -217,43 +223,55 @@ <li>心脏病变和心力衰竭:肺循环阻力增加导致肺动脉高压, 右心发挥代偿作用, 以克服肺动脉压升高的阻力而发生右心室肥厚.随着病情进展, 肺动脉压持续升高, 右心失代偿而致右心衰竭.</li> <li>其他重要器官的损害:缺氧和高碳酸血症可导致重要器官如脑, 肝, 肾, 胃肠及内分泌系统, 血液系统等发生病理改变, 引起多脏器的功能损害.</li> </ol> -<h2 id="临床表现"><a href="#临床表现" class="headerlink" title="临床表现"></a>临床表现</h2><h1 id="肺-心功能代偿期"><a href="#肺-心功能代偿期" class="headerlink" title="肺, 心功能代偿期"></a>肺, 心功能代偿期</h1><ol> +<h2 id="临床表现"><a class="header-anchor" href="#临床表现">¶</a>临床表现</h2> +<h1>肺, 心功能代偿期</h1> +<ol> <li>症状:C0PD病人可有咳嗽, 咳痰, 气促, 活动后可有心悸, 呼吸困难, 乏力和劳动耐力下降,少有胸痛或咯血.</li> <li>体征:原发肺脏疾病体征, 可有不同程度的发维和肺气肿体征,可见肺动脉高压和右室扩大的体征.</li> </ol> -<h2 id="肺-心功能失代偿期"><a href="#肺-心功能失代偿期" class="headerlink" title="肺, 心功能失代偿期"></a>肺, 心功能失代偿期</h2><ol> -<li>呼吸衰竭<ul> +<h2 id="肺-心功能失代偿期"><a class="header-anchor" href="#肺-心功能失代偿期">¶</a>肺, 心功能失代偿期</h2> +<ol> +<li>呼吸衰竭 +<ul> <li>症状:呼吸困难加重, 夜间为甚, 常有头痛, 失眠, 食欲下降, 白天嗜睡, 甚至出现表情淡漠, 神志恍惚, 澹妄等肺性脑病的表现.</li> <li>体征：明显发维, 球结膜充血, 水肿, 严重时可有视网膜血管, 视盘水肿等颅内压升高的表现.腱反射减弱或消失, 出现病理反射.因高碳酸血症可出现周围血管扩张的表现, 如皮肤潮红, 多汗.</li> </ul> </li> -<li>右心衰竭<ul> +<li>右心衰竭 +<ul> <li>症状:明显气促, 心悸, 食欲缺乏, 腹胀, 恶心等.</li> <li>体征:发绡明显, 颈静脉怒张, 心率增快, 可出现心律失常, 剑突下可闻及收缩期杂音, 甚至出现舒张期杂音.肝大并有压痛,肝颈静脉回流征阳性, 下肢水肿,重者可有腹水.</li> </ul> </li> <li>并发症: 肺性脑病, 电解质及酸碱平衡紊乱, 心律失常, 休克, 消化道出血和弥散性血管内凝血等.</li> </ol> -<h2 id="实验室及其他检查"><a href="#实验室及其他检查" class="headerlink" title="实验室及其他检查"></a>实验室及其他检查</h2><ol> +<h2 id="实验室及其他检查"><a class="header-anchor" href="#实验室及其他检查">¶</a>实验室及其他检查</h2> +<ol> <li>胸部X线检查: 除肺, 胸基础疾病及急性肺部感染的特征外, 尚有肺动脉高压征象.</li> -<li>心电图检查: 心电图对慢性肺心病的诊断阳性率为60. 1%〜88. 2%.主要表现有电轴右偏,<br>肺性P波.</li> +<li>心电图检查: 心电图对慢性肺心病的诊断阳性率为60. 1%〜88. 2%.主要表现有电轴右偏,<br> +肺性P波.</li> <li>超声心动图检查: 超声心动图诊断慢性肺心病的阳性率为60.6%〜87.0%.</li> <li>动脉血气分析: 可出现低氧血症,甚至呼吸衰竭或合并高碳酸血症.</li> <li>血液检查: 红细胞及血红蛋白可升高, 全血及血浆黏度可增加, 心功能不全时可伴有肾功能或肝功能异常.</li> <li>其他: 早期或缓解期病人可行肺功能检查.痰细菌学检查可指导抗生素的选用.</li> </ol> -<h2 id="治疗要点"><a href="#治疗要点" class="headerlink" title="治疗要点"></a>治疗要点</h2><h3 id="肺-心功能代偿期-1"><a href="#肺-心功能代偿期-1" class="headerlink" title="肺, 心功能代偿期"></a>肺, 心功能代偿期</h3><p>可采用综合治疗措施, 延缓基础疾病进展, 增强病人的免疫功能,预防感染,减少或避免急性加重, 加强康复锻炼和营养,必要时长期家庭氧疗或家庭无创呼吸机治疗等.</p> -<h3 id="肺-心功能失代偿期-1"><a href="#肺-心功能失代偿期-1" class="headerlink" title="肺, 心功能失代偿期"></a>肺, 心功能失代偿期</h3><p>治疗原则为积极控制感染, 保持呼吸道通畅,改善呼吸功能, 纠正缺氧和二氧化碳潴留, 控制呼吸衰竭和心力衰竭, 处理并发症.</p> +<h2 id="治疗要点"><a class="header-anchor" href="#治疗要点">¶</a>治疗要点</h2> +<h3 id="肺-心功能代偿期"><a class="header-anchor" href="#肺-心功能代偿期">¶</a>肺, 心功能代偿期</h3> +<p>可采用综合治疗措施, 延缓基础疾病进展, 增强病人的免疫功能,预防感染,减少或避免急性加重, 加强康复锻炼和营养,必要时长期家庭氧疗或家庭无创呼吸机治疗等.</p> +<h3 id="肺-心功能失代偿期-v2"><a class="header-anchor" href="#肺-心功能失代偿期-v2">¶</a>肺, 心功能失代偿期</h3> +<p>治疗原则为积极控制感染, 保持呼吸道通畅,改善呼吸功能, 纠正缺氧和二氧化碳潴留, 控制呼吸衰竭和心力衰竭, 处理并发症.</p> <ol> <li>控制感染:参考痰培养及药敏试验选择抗生素.没有培养结果时, 根据感染的环境及痰涂片结果选用抗生素.常用青霉素类, 氨基糖甘类, 喳诺酮类或头抱菌素类药物.注意继发真菌感染的可能.</li> <li>控制呼吸衰竭:使用支气管舒张药和祛痰药, 吸痰, 通畅呼吸道, 改善通气功能.合理氧疗.需要时给予无创正压通气或气管插管有创正压通气治疗.详见本章第十四节“呼吸衰竭”的治疗.</li> -<li>控制心力衰竭:慢性肺心病病人一般经积极控制感染, 改善呼吸功能, 纠正缺氧和二氧化碳潴留后, 心力衰竭便能得到改善,病人尿量增多, 水肿消退, 不需常规使用利尿药和正性肌力药.但病情较重或对上述治疗无效的病人, 可适当选用利尿药, 正性肌力药或扩血管药物.<ol> +<li>控制心力衰竭:慢性肺心病病人一般经积极控制感染, 改善呼吸功能, 纠正缺氧和二氧化碳潴留后, 心力衰竭便能得到改善,病人尿量增多, 水肿消退, 不需常规使用利尿药和正性肌力药.但病情较重或对上述治疗无效的病人, 可适当选用利尿药, 正性肌力药或扩血管药物. +<ol> <li>利尿药:具有消除水肿, 减少血容量, 减轻右心前负荷的作用.原则上选用作用温和的利尿药, 联合保钾利尿药,宜短期, 小剂量使用.如氢氯廛嗪25mg,每天1〜3次;联用螺内酯20〜40mg,每天1〜2次.应用利尿药易出现低钾, 低氯性碱中毒, 痰液黏稠不易排痰和血液浓缩,应注意预防.</li> -<li>正性肌力药：由于慢性缺氧和感染,慢性肺心病病人对洋地黄类药物耐受性低, 容易中毒, 出现心律失常.原则上选用作用快, 排泄快的洋地黄类药物, 小剂量(常规剂量的1/2或2/3量)静脉给药.用药前注意纠正缺氧, 防治低钾血症, 以免发生药物毒性反应.</li> +<li>正性肌力药：由于慢性缺氧和感染,慢性肺心病病人对洋地黄类药物耐受性低, 容易中毒, 出现心律失常.原则上选用作用快, 排泄快的洋地黄类药物, 小剂量(常规剂量的1/2或2/3量)静脉给药.用药前注意纠正缺氧, 防治低钾血症, 以免发生药物毒性反应.</li> </ol> </li> </ol> -<h2 id="健康指导"><a href="#健康指导" class="headerlink" title="健康指导"></a>健康指导</h2><ol> +<h2 id="健康指导"><a class="header-anchor" href="#健康指导">¶</a>健康指导</h2> +<ol> <li>疾病预防指导: 由于慢性肺心病是各种原发肺胸疾病晚期的并发症, 应对高危人群进行宣传教育, 劝导戒烟, 积极防治COPD等慢性支气管肺疾病, 以降低发病率.</li> <li>疾病知识指导: 使病人和家属了解疾病发生, 发展过程, 减少反复发作的次数.积极防治原发病, 避免和防治各种可能导致病情急性加重的诱因, 坚持家庭氧疗等.加强饮食营养, 以保证机体康复的需要.病情缓解期应根据肺, 心功能及体力情况进行适当的体育锻炼和呼吸功能锻炼如散步, 气功, 太极拳, 腹式呼吸, 缩唇呼吸等, 改善呼吸功能,提高机体免疫功能.</li> <li>病情监测指导: 告知病人及家属病情变化的征象, 如体温升高, 呼吸困难加重, 咳嗽剧烈, 咳痰不畅, 尿量减少, 水肿明显或发现病人神志淡漠, 嗜睡, 躁动, 口唇发纳加重等,均提示病情变化或加重,需及时就诊.</li> diff --git a/2024/01/25/急诊与灾难医学-烧伤/index.html b/2024/01/25/急诊与灾难医学-烧伤/index.html index f9372bad..4f68f670 100644 --- a/2024/01/25/急诊与灾难医学-烧伤/index.html +++ b/2024/01/25/急诊与灾难医学-烧伤/index.html @@ -193,8 +193,10 @@ </div> <div class="post-content"> <p>烧伤，烫伤是一个很常见的急诊意外损伤，这里科普一下相关的知识。</p> -<h2 id="临床特点"><a href="#临床特点" class="headerlink" title="临床特点"></a>临床特点</h2><p>烧伤组织出现变性坏死，体液渗出引起组织水肿，变性，小面积的浅度烧伤，体液渗出有限，经过代偿之后不会影响身体的有效循环血量，大面积或者深度的烧伤，会因为大量渗出，休克，感染等病理变化导致并发脓毒症和多器官功能衰竭。</p> -<h3 id="烧伤面积判断"><a href="#烧伤面积判断" class="headerlink" title="烧伤面积判断"></a>烧伤面积判断</h3><p>首先我们要估算烧伤的面积，也就是判断皮肤烧伤区占人体表面积的百分比，最常用的是九分法和手掌法，前者用于大面积烧伤，后者用于小面积烧伤。</p> +<h2 id="临床特点"><a class="header-anchor" href="#临床特点">¶</a>临床特点</h2> +<p>烧伤组织出现变性坏死，体液渗出引起组织水肿，变性，小面积的浅度烧伤，体液渗出有限，经过代偿之后不会影响身体的有效循环血量，大面积或者深度的烧伤，会因为大量渗出，休克，感染等病理变化导致并发脓毒症和多器官功能衰竭。</p> +<h3 id="烧伤面积判断"><a class="header-anchor" href="#烧伤面积判断">¶</a>烧伤面积判断</h3> +<p>首先我们要估算烧伤的面积，也就是判断皮肤烧伤区占人体表面积的百分比，最常用的是九分法和手掌法，前者用于大面积烧伤，后者用于小面积烧伤。</p> <ul> <li>手掌法：病人的五个手指并拢后，手掌的面积估算为 1% 体表面积。</li> <li>九分法：</li> @@ -207,7 +209,8 @@ <th>小儿各部位面积（%）</th> </tr> </thead> -<tbody><tr> +<tbody> +<tr> <td>头额</td> <td><code>9x1=9 (发部3,面部3,颈部3)</code></td> <td><code>9 + (12-年龄) </code></td> @@ -227,8 +230,10 @@ <td><code>9x5+1=45 (双臀5, 双大腿21, 双小腿13, 双足7)</code></td> <td><code>46-(12-年龄)</code></td> </tr> -</tbody></table> -<h3 id="烧伤深度判断"><a href="#烧伤深度判断" class="headerlink" title="烧伤深度判断"></a>烧伤深度判断</h3><p>三度四分法：</p> +</tbody> +</table> +<h3 id="烧伤深度判断"><a class="header-anchor" href="#烧伤深度判断">¶</a>烧伤深度判断</h3> +<p>三度四分法：</p> <ul> <li>I 度：仅伤及表皮浅层</li> <li>浅 II 度：伤及表皮的生发层与真皮乳头层</li> @@ -245,7 +250,8 @@ <th>预后</th> </tr> </thead> -<tbody><tr> +<tbody> +<tr> <td>I</td> <td>粉红或红色</td> <td>干燥</td> @@ -273,7 +279,8 @@ <td>无感觉</td> <td>需切痂皮，植皮，皮瓣移植或截肢</td> </tr> -</tbody></table> +</tbody> +</table> <p>根据以上的参考，可以把伤情分为四类：</p> <ol> <li>轻度烧伤：总面积 9% 以下的 II 度烧伤</li> @@ -284,24 +291,32 @@ <hr> <p><strong>根据烧伤病史和临床表现，要注意包括对烧伤严重程度的判断，烧伤原因的鉴别，需要排除电和化学烧伤</strong></p> <hr> -<h2 id="急诊处理"><a href="#急诊处理" class="headerlink" title="急诊处理"></a>急诊处理</h2><h3 id="现场急救"><a href="#现场急救" class="headerlink" title="现场急救"></a>现场急救</h3><ol> +<h2 id="急诊处理"><a class="header-anchor" href="#急诊处理">¶</a>急诊处理</h2> +<h3 id="现场急救"><a class="header-anchor" href="#现场急救">¶</a>现场急救</h3> +<ol> <li>迅速脱离热源，褪去衣物，不可粗暴剥脱。在现场可用干净敷料或布织物保护伤处，立即送医</li> -<li>初步判断伤情，如有大出血，窒息，开放性气胸，严重中毒，立即组织抢救<blockquote> -<p>烧伤常伴呼吸道受烟雾，热力灼伤<br>切记注意有无呼吸道吸入性损伤，保持呼吸通畅，<strong>必要时切开气管</strong><br>出现心脏骤停，确认环境安全后，迅速心肺复苏</p> +<li>初步判断伤情，如有大出血，窒息，开放性气胸，严重中毒，立即组织抢救 +<blockquote> +<p>烧伤常伴呼吸道受烟雾，热力灼伤<br> +切记注意有无呼吸道吸入性损伤，保持呼吸通畅，<strong>必要时切开气管</strong><br> +出现心脏骤停，确认环境安全后，迅速心肺复苏</p> </blockquote> </li> <li>轻度烧伤，特别是四肢烧伤，立即用冷水连续冲洗或浸泡</li> <li>大面积烧伤，立即建立静脉通道，予以补液，抗休克治疗</li> <li>转运伤员就近原则，严重烧伤早期，<strong>切忌长途转运</strong></li> </ol> -<h3 id="急诊治疗"><a href="#急诊治疗" class="headerlink" title="急诊治疗"></a>急诊治疗</h3><h4 id="轻度烧伤"><a href="#轻度烧伤" class="headerlink" title="轻度烧伤"></a>轻度烧伤</h4><blockquote> +<h3 id="急诊治疗"><a class="header-anchor" href="#急诊治疗">¶</a>急诊治疗</h3> +<h4 id="轻度烧伤"><a class="header-anchor" href="#轻度烧伤">¶</a>轻度烧伤</h4> +<blockquote> <p>处理创面，<strong>小心</strong> 剔净创面周围毛发，清洁健康皮肤，去除异物。</p> </blockquote> <ul> <li>I 度创面无需处理，外敷清凉药物即可</li> <li>浅 II 度，如果水疱完整，不要动它，如果水疱很大，用消毒空针去抽水疱液，然后消毒包扎，如果水疱已经撕破，用无菌纱布，油性敷料包扎。创面无感染无需经常换药，面颈部和会阴部烧伤可以予以暴露，关节部位 II～III 度必须用夹板固定关节，按需用止痛镇静药物，酌情使用破伤风抗毒素。</li> </ul> -<h1 id="中度及以上烧伤立刻运送至有烧伤专科的医院"><a href="#中度及以上烧伤立刻运送至有烧伤专科的医院" class="headerlink" title="中度及以上烧伤立刻运送至有烧伤专科的医院"></a>中度及以上烧伤立刻运送至有烧伤专科的医院</h1><p>处理要点：</p> +<h1>中度及以上烧伤立刻运送至有烧伤专科的医院</h1> +<p>处理要点：</p> <ol> <li>吸氧，呼吸支持，建立输液通道，留置尿管，观察每小时尿量，比重，pH，有无血红蛋白尿，肌红蛋白尿。</li> <li>估算烧伤面积，深度</li> @@ -313,7 +328,8 @@ <li>肠内肠外营养支持，尽量肠内营养</li> <li>减少瘢痕，挛缩，进行功能康复</li> </ol> -<h2 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h2><ul> +<h2 id="参考"><a class="header-anchor" href="#参考">¶</a>参考</h2> +<ul> <li>《外科护理学【第六版】》</li> <li>《烧伤外科学分册》</li> <li>《急诊与灾难医学【第三版】》</li> |