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diff --git a/src/LivingVillage.Kernel.Tests/OccupationBiasTests.fs b/src/LivingVillage.Kernel.Tests/OccupationBiasTests.fs
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+namespace LivingVillage.Kernel.Tests
+
+open Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting
+open LivingVillage.Kernel
+open LivingVillage.Kernel.Sim
+
+module private BiasHarness =
+
+    /// 覆盖 responseFor 全部分支的两个人格样本：
+    /// 外向+诚实（E>=0.5, H>=0.4）与 内向+不诚实（E<0.5, H<0.4）。
+    let outgoing = { Drive = 0.5f; Aggression = 0.2f; Extraversion = 0.8f; Honesty = 0.9f; Greed = 0.3f }
+    let withdrawn = { Drive = 0.5f; Aggression = 0.2f; Extraversion = 0.2f; Honesty = 0.1f; Greed = 0.3f }
+    let grumpy = { Drive = 0.5f; Aggression = 0.8f; Extraversion = 0.2f; Honesty = 0.1f; Greed = 0.3f }
+
+    let atNpc (id: int) (world: World) : World =
+        let npc = world.Npcs.[id]
+        { world with Avatar = { world.Avatar with Pos = npc.Pos } }
+
+[<TestClass>]
+type OccupationBiasTests () =
+
+    // ---- 无职业 = 既有 responseFor 输出逐字节不变 ----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.NoOccupationReproducesTheHistoricResponsesForEveryIntent () =
+        for intent in [ SmallTalk; AskHelp; OfferTrade; Joke; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+            for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn; BiasHarness.grumpy ] do
+                Assert.IsTrue(
+                    Sim.responseFor intent personality = Occupation.biasResponse None intent personality,
+                    $"no-occupation bias must be identity for {intent}")
+
+    // ---- 农夫 AskHelp：Refused → Helpful（求助更友好）----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.FarmerAskHelpTurnsRefusalIntoHelpfulness () =
+        // 不诚实村民对常人 Refused，对农夫给 Helpful
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Refused, Sim.responseFor AskHelp BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Helpful, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Farmer) AskHelp BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        // 本就 Helpful 的路径不变
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Helpful, Sim.responseFor AskHelp BiasHarness.outgoing)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Helpful, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Farmer) AskHelp BiasHarness.outgoing)
+
+    // ---- 渔夫 SmallTalk：Reserved → Friendly（聊天气鱼汛，冷场变热络）----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.FisherSmallTalkWarmsUpAReservedVillager () =
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Reserved, Sim.responseFor SmallTalk BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Friendly, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Fisher) SmallTalk BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Friendly, Sim.responseFor SmallTalk BiasHarness.outgoing)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Friendly, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Fisher) SmallTalk BiasHarness.outgoing)
+
+    // ---- 货郎 SmallTalk：Reserved → Bargaining（三句不离买卖，更易进讨价还价）----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.PeddlerSmallTalkSlidesIntoBargaining () =
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Reserved, Sim.responseFor SmallTalk BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Bargaining, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Peddler) SmallTalk BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        // 外向村民本就 Friendly，不被货郎偏差改写
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Friendly, Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Peddler) SmallTalk BiasHarness.outgoing)
+
+    // ---- 书生 Joke：完全覆盖为 Reserved（与 personality 相反的确定性偏差）----
+    // 语义说明：书生讲笑话走「完全覆盖」——无论村民性格如何，回应一律 Reserved。
+    // 刻意不做概率偏向（禁随机）；反差感即设计意图（design §5）。
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.ScholarJokeIsAlwaysReservedRegardlessOfPersonality () =
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Amused, Sim.responseFor Joke BiasHarness.outgoing)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Reserved, Sim.responseFor Joke BiasHarness.withdrawn)
+        for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn; BiasHarness.grumpy ] do
+            Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                Reserved,
+                Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Scholar) Joke personality)
+
+    // ---- 偏差只作用于各自的签名意图，其余意图原样穿透 ----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.BiasOnlyAppliesToTheSignatureIntents () =
+        // 农夫：仅 AskHelp 受偏差
+        for intent in [ SmallTalk; OfferTrade; Joke; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+            for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn ] do
+                Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                    Sim.responseFor intent personality,
+                    Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Farmer) intent personality)
+        // 渔夫：仅 SmallTalk 受偏差
+        for intent in [ AskHelp; OfferTrade; Joke; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+            for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn ] do
+                Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                    Sim.responseFor intent personality,
+                    Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Fisher) intent personality)
+        // 货郎：仅 SmallTalk 受偏差
+        for intent in [ AskHelp; OfferTrade; Joke; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+            for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn ] do
+                Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                    Sim.responseFor intent personality,
+                    Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Peddler) intent personality)
+        // 书生：仅 Joke 受偏差
+        for intent in [ SmallTalk; AskHelp; OfferTrade; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+            for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn ] do
+                Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                    Sim.responseFor intent personality,
+                    Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Scholar) intent personality)
+
+    // ---- 确定性：同输入两次调用结果一致 ----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.BiasIsDeterministicForTheSameInputs () =
+        for kind in Occupation.all do
+            for intent in [ SmallTalk; AskHelp; OfferTrade; Joke; Apologize; Provoke ] do
+                for personality in [ BiasHarness.outgoing; BiasHarness.withdrawn; BiasHarness.grumpy ] do
+                    let first = Occupation.biasResponse (Some kind) intent personality
+                    let second = Occupation.biasResponse (Some kind) intent personality
+                    Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(first, second)
+
+    // ---- 与 chooseDialogueWith 复合：偏差写进 DialogueOutcome/记忆/年鉴 ----
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.ChooseDialogueWithIdentityMatchesTheHistoricPath () =
+        let world = Sim.initialWorldN 42UL 4 |> BiasHarness.atNpc 0
+        let npc = world.Npcs.[0]
+        let identityOutcome =
+            match Sim.chooseDialogueWith Sim.responseFor npc.Id AskHelp world with
+            | DialogueSucceeded (outcome, _) -> outcome
+            | DialogueRejected (failure, _) -> Assert.Fail($"rejected: {failure}"); Unchecked.defaultof<DialogueOutcome>
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(Sim.responseFor AskHelp npc.Mind.Personality, identityOutcome.Response)
+
+    [<TestMethod>]
+    member _.ChooseDialogueWithBiasRecordsTheBiasedResponse () =
+        let world = Sim.initialWorldN 42UL 4 |> BiasHarness.atNpc 0
+        let npc = world.Npcs.[0]
+        let biasedRespond = Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Farmer)
+        let response, outcomeWorld =
+            match Sim.chooseDialogueWith biasedRespond npc.Id AskHelp world with
+            | DialogueSucceeded (outcome, next) ->
+                Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse>(
+                    Occupation.biasResponse (Some Occupation.Farmer) AskHelp npc.Mind.Personality,
+                    outcome.Response)
+                outcome.Response, next
+            | DialogueRejected (failure, _) -> Assert.Fail($"rejected: {failure}"); Unchecked.defaultof<_>, Unchecked.defaultof<World>
+        // 目标村民记忆里记录的是偏差后的回应
+        let remembered =
+            outcomeWorld.Npcs.[0].Mind.Memory
+            |> List.tryPick (fun memory ->
+                match memory.Kind with
+                | Dialogue (_, _, response) -> Some response
+                | _ -> None)
+        Assert.AreEqual<DialogueResponse option>(Some response, remembered)